What does “Gingival enlargement” mean?
Gingival enlargement means the gums have increased in size, covering more of the teeth or appearing thicker. Causes include inflammation, medications, and hereditary conditions, so size alone does not determine treatment.
Original spelling: 잇몸 비대
Distinguishing the causes
Plaque-related inflammatory swelling may involve redness and bleeding, and may coexist with medication-related enlargement or fibrous changes. Enlargement beginning between teeth can make cleaning difficult and add inflammation. Rapid changes or other systemic symptoms also call for assessment of general health.
Do not stop prescribed medication on your own
Some anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers may be involved. Tell the dentist the medication names and when they were started, but do not stop them or change doses yourself. If needed, the prescribing clinician and dentist discuss cause assessment and possible medication adjustment.
Assessment before gum tissue removal
After addressing plaque, tartar, and self-care, remaining tissue and discomfort are reassessed. A pseudopocket measured as deep because of enlarged gums differs from a pocket with actual attachment loss. Surgery may be considered if persistent enlargement impairs hygiene or function, and recurrence is possible if the cause remains.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is cutting away enlarged gums the end of treatment?
Tissue may enlarge again if removed without controlling the cause. Assess inflammation, medications, and systemic health, and determine the need for surgery after nonsurgical care.
Should I stop a medication if I think it caused the enlargement?
Do not stop it yourself. Bring an accurate medication list so the prescribing clinician can assess the underlying condition and possible alternatives.
Questions about gingival enlargement
Learn what the term means and how it relates to your dental condition.
- Sufficient understanding
Did enlargement begin around the time of a medication change?
Explanation and evidenceSharing medication names, dates, and records of gum changes helps assess the cause.
American Academy of Oral Medicine · Gingival Enlargement - A choice suited to your condition
Is there actual damage to periodontal supporting tissues?
Explanation and evidenceAsk about the treatment extent by distinguishing depth caused by tissue enlargement from attachment loss caused by periodontitis.
Japanese Society of Periodontology · Clinical Practice Guideline 2022
