What does “Class I, II and III malocclusion” mean?
Class I, II and III malocclusion describe the front-to-back relationship of the teeth. The commonly used Angle classification is based on the first permanent molars. A higher number does not automatically mean a more severe problem.
Describe the front-to-back molar relationship
Class I has the reference molar relationship, although crowding or rotation elsewhere may remain. In Class II, the lower molar sits farther back than the reference position; in Class III, it sits farther forward. Both sides and other bite problems also need checking.
Assess teeth and jawbones separately
The cause cannot be determined from visible front teeth or chin shape alone. Examination and necessary records assess tooth position and the role of jaw size, position, and growth. Incisor inclination, overlap, and alignment can differ within the same class.
Do not jump straight from a class to a treatment plan
Planning combines growth, the whole bite, space needed for tooth movement, gum and bone conditions, function, and treatment goals. Extractions, surgery, appliance choice, and duration cannot be decided from the class alone. Also discuss retention after treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Class I malocclusion mean orthodontics is unnecessary?
The class alone cannot tell you. Even with the reference molar relationship, teeth may overlap or rotate, with spacing, overlap, or functional problems requiring a full assessment.
Does Class III always require jaw surgery?
Not necessarily. Dental and skeletal relationships, growth, severity, and goals are assessed to compare what orthodontics alone can achieve with other options.
Questions about classification and treatment goals
Learn what the term means and how it relates to your dental condition.
- Sufficient understanding
Does my class describe the teeth or the skeleton?
Explanation and evidenceAsk the team to distinguish molar, incisor, and jaw findings and explain differences between sides and other bite problems.
Taber’s Medical Dictionary: Angle classification - A choice suited to your condition
What factors beyond the class determine my treatment?
Explanation and evidenceCompare extraction or non-extraction plans, appliances, surgery options, and retention according to growth, space, teeth, gums, bone, function, and realistic goals.
British Orthodontic Society: Assessment and common treatment questions
