What does “Class II malocclusion” mean?
Class II malocclusion describes a front-to-back bite relationship in which the lower dental arch is positioned behind the upper dental arch.
The relative relationship between the upper and lower dental arches
The lower dental arch is relatively farther back; this does not necessarily mean the lower jaw alone is small. Tooth position and inclination, as well as jaw size and position, can each contribute. Protrusion and excessive vertical overlap of the front teeth are also assessed separately.
Evaluate growth and tooth position together
Distinguish jaw and tooth relationships through oral examination, facial and dentition photos, and necessary images. Depending on whether you are growing, the treatment options available will vary. In cases where growth has already been completed, the extent of tooth movement and skeletal problems are separately planned for.
Surgery/tooth extraction is not determined based on classification alone.
Consider the required space and amount of movement, the slope of the front teeth, and the condition of the gums and bones. Functional devices may be used during the growth period, and if severe skeletal differences cannot be resolved through tooth movement alone, approaches including surgery are considered.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does everyone with Class II malocclusion have a recessed chin?
No. It indicates the relative dental relationship between the upper and lower teeth, and the cause may vary depending on the position of the teeth or the relationship between the upper and lower jaw.
Do adults with Class II malocclusion always need surgery?
Not necessarily. The degree of skeletal discrepancy, the tooth movement required, and the treatment goals are assessed to decide between orthodontic treatment alone and treatment combined with surgery.
Questions to help you understand Class II malocclusion
Learn what the term means and how it relates to your dental condition.
- Sufficient understanding
Which affects the front-back relationship: teeth or jaw?
Explanation and evidenceDental classification is distinguished from skeletal problems to assess the cause and the extent of tooth movement needed.
American Association of Orthodontists · Glossary of Orthodontic Terms - A choice suited to your condition
Can you achieve your goal just by moving your teeth?
Explanation and evidenceIf there is a significant skeletal difference, the limitations of tooth movement and options including surgery are reviewed.
British Orthodontic Society · Orthognathic Treatment
Further reading and references
Further reading
References
- American Association of Orthodontists · Glossary of Orthodontic Termsaaoinfo.org (opens in a new tab)
- British Orthodontic Society · Orthognathic Treatmentbos.org.uk (opens in a new tab)
- British Orthodontic Society · Functional Appliancesbos.org.uk (opens in a new tab)
- British Orthodontic Society · Functional Appliances: Treatment and Growthbos.org.uk (opens in a new tab)
