What does “Periodontal regenerative surgery” mean?
Periodontal regenerative surgery aims to encourage the re-formation of bone and attachment tissues damaged by periodontitis around natural teeth. Suitable defects are selected and cleaned, with bone grafts, barrier membranes or materials that support regeneration used when appropriate.
Selecting suitable defects after initial treatment
Regenerative surgery may be considered when deep pockets and particular intrabony defects remain after plaque control and subgingival instrumentation. The same effect cannot be expected for all horizontal bone loss or every furcation lesion. Defect shape, remaining support and access guide the surgical approach.
Combining defect cleaning with conditions for regeneration
The gum is opened to access the defect and remove causative deposits before suitable materials are applied. Bone grafts, barrier membranes and tissue-stimulating materials have different purposes and evidence bases, and are not necessarily all used together. A material's name alone does not determine the result; wound stability and hygiene also matter.
Assessing support and maintenance after treatment
All lost tissues cannot be guaranteed to return to their original condition. After treatment, bleeding, pockets, support and tooth function are evaluated, and changes such as recession or sensitivity are discussed. Wound protection is followed by long-term cleaning and supportive care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does adding bone mean all the supporting bone will grow back?
No. The potential and extent of regeneration depend on defect shape, local and systemic conditions, and care. Using graft material does not mean complete tissue regeneration has occurred.
Can I have regenerative surgery before other gum treatment?
Inflammation, plaque and risk factors are generally managed first, and the response is evaluated. The remaining lesion is then assessed for suitability for regenerative surgery; adequate hygiene is important.
Questions before periodontal regenerative surgery
Learn what the term means and how it relates to your dental condition.
- Sufficient understanding
What shape is my defect, and why has regenerative surgery been chosen?
Explanation and evidenceRelate the response to initial treatment to the remaining pockets and bone defect when discussing indications.
European Federation of Periodontology · Guideline on intrabony defects and regenerative surgery - Care after treatment
What are the expected limitations and maintenance plan after surgery?
Explanation and evidenceDiscuss defects that may remain, recession or sensitivity, reassessment and cleaning.
Canadian Academy of Periodontology · Goals and limitations of periodontal surgery
Further reading and references
Further reading
References
- American Academy of Periodontology · Periodontal regenerative treatmentperio.org (opens in a new tab)
- European Federation of Periodontology · Guideline on intrabony defects and regenerative surgerydoi.org (opens in a new tab)
- Canadian Academy of Periodontology · Goals and limitations of periodontal surgerycap-acp.ca (opens in a new tab)
